İnternational Posture And L2 Motivation In Türkiye:Examining The Interrelationships Among Undergraduate English Majors

1. Introduction 1.1. Introduction 1.2. Background of the Study 1.3. Statement of the Problem 1.4. Purpose of the Study 1.5. Research Questions 1.6. Literature Review 1.6.1. Motivation, L2 Motivation and Its Role in L2 Learning 1.6.2. A Historical Overview of L2 Motivational Research 1.6.2.1. The Social-Psychological Period 1.6.2.2. Cognitive-Situated Period 1.6.2.3. The process-oriented Period 1.6.2.4. Transitioning from Process-Oriented to Socio-Dynamic Perspectives in L2 Motivation........24 1.6.2.5. The Complex Dynamic System Perspectives 1.6.2.6. The Application of the CDS Approach to Research on Second Language Motivation: Strengths and Weaknesses 1.6.3. International Posture (IP) 1.6.3.1. What is International Posture? 1.6.3.1.1. The Evolution of the Concept of IP 1.6.4. The Ever-changing Relationship between Motivation and International Posture in L2 2.1. Introduction 2.2. Research Design 2. Methodology 2.3. Context and Participants 2.3.1. Description of Participants 2.4. Data Collection Instruments 2.4.1. International Posture Scale (IPS 2.4.2. Motivational Factors Questionnaire (MFQ 2.5. Data Collection and Data Analysis 2.5.2. Data Analysis 2.5.2.1. The Model of the Study and Hypotheses 2.6. Ethical Considerations 2.7. Chapter Summary 3.1. Introduction 3. Findings 3.2. Findings Related to the First Research Question 3.2.1. Intergroup Approach-Avoidance Tendency 3.2.2. Interest in International Vocation or Activities 3.2.3. Interest in International News 3.2.4. Having Things to Communicate to the World 3.3. Findings Related to the Second Research Question 3.3.1. The relationship between international posture and antecedents of Turkish undergraduate English majors in their learning English journey 3.3.1.1. Descriptive Statistics and Correlations between Antecedents and International Posture 3.3.1.2. The Antecedents of International Posture Effecting on This Study 3.3.1.2.1. Assumptions of Multiple Regression Analysis 3.3.1.2.2. Findings of Multiple Regression Analysis for International Posture and its Antecedents in this Study 3.4. Findings Related to the Third Research Question 3.4.1. The Relationship between International Posture and Motivational Factors of Turkish Undergraduate English Majors in This Study 3.4.1.1. Descriptive Statistics and Correlations between International Posture and Motivational Factors 3.4.1.2. Motivational Factors of International Posture Effeting on this Study 3.4.1.2.1. Assumptions of Multiple Regression Analysis 3.4.1.2.2. Findings of Multiple Regression Analysis for International Posture and Motivational Factors 3.4.2. The Model of the Study and Hypotheses 3.4.2.2. Variables of the study 3.4.2.2.1. Testing the Scales Used in the Study 3.4.3. Hypothesized Structural Equation Modelling 3.5. Chapter Summary 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Summary of the study 4. Discussion, Conclusion, and Implications 4.3. Discussion of the Findings of Research Questions 4.3.2. Discussion for Research Question 2 4.3.3. Discussion for Research Question 3 4.3.4. Research Question 4 4.3.4.1. Interrelationships Among Exposure to English, Motivational Factors, and International Posture 4.4. Implications for Practice 4.5. Future Recommendations and Limitations 4.6. Chapter Summary